Luke 14:1-11
1 One Sabbath, when [Jesus] went to dine at the house of a ruler of the Pharisees, they were watching him carefully.
2 And behold, there was a man before him who had dropsy. 3 And Jesus responded to the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath, or not?” 4 But they remained silent. Then he took him and healed him and sent him away. 5 And he said to them, “Which of you, having a son or an ox that has fallen into a well on a Sabbath day, will not immediately pull him out?” 6 And they could not reply to these things.
7 Now he told a parable to those who were invited, when he noticed how they chose the places of honor, saying to them, 8 “When you are invited by someone to a wedding feast, do not sit down in a place of honor, lest someone more distinguished than you be invited by him, 9 and he who invited you both will come and say to you, ‘Give your place to this person,’ and then you will begin with shame to take the lowest place. 10 But when you are invited, go and sit in the lowest place, so that when your host comes he may say to you, ‘Friend, move up higher.’ Then you will be honored in the presence of all who sit at table with you. 11 For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.”
In the name of Jesus. Amen.
Jesus eats with all sorts of people. He eats at His friends’ house with Mary, Martha, and Lazarus (Lk. 10:38-42). He eats at His disciples’ houses. He eats in Peter’s house and Peter’s mother-in-law serves Him (Lk. 4:38-39). Jesus calls Matthew the tax collector to be His disciple and eats with him and other sinners. And you remember that the reason Jesus tells the parable of the Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, and Prodigal Son is the Pharisees accusing Jesus of welcoming and eating with sinners (Lk. 15:1-2).
We aren’t surprised that Jesus would eat with His friends and disciples. We do that too. And as Christians, we are comfortable with the fact that Jesus eats with sinners. But we might find it surprising that Jesus would even eat with Pharisees. The Pharisees were our Lord’s enemies. From the beginning of His ministry, the Pharisees were butting heads with Jesus (Lk. 5:21; Jn. 5:18).
Think of the person in your class or at work that you most regularly butt heads with – no matter what you just can’t seem to get along. He takes everything you say and turns it into an accusation against you, so you’re always on your toes, always analyzing everything word out of your mouth. Being around a guy like that is exhausting. Now, if that person invited you over for dinner, you’re going to decline. (Unless they tell you that they are going to be serving dry-aged Wagyu steaks. Then, you probably go, you just don’t stay for dessert.) But as difficult as the person you are imagining is, he probably isn’t trying to find some way to get you the death sentence. That’s exactly what the Pharisees wanted for Jesus, but our Lord still repeatedly ate with the Pharisees.
Once, Jesus went to Simon the Pharisee’s house where He was anointed by the sinful woman who washed Jesus’ feet with her tears (Lk. 7:36-50). Another time, Jesus was invited to eat at a Pharisee’s house and didn’t wash His hands the way the Sabbath traditions requires (Lk. 11:37-54). When Luke finishes recording that meal, he notes that the scribes and Pharisees were lying in wait for Him, to catch Him in something He might say.
Now here, in our text, an important Pharisee has invited Jesus to his house for a Sabbath dinner. And, what d’ya know? Jesus goes.
Now, we have to imagine this scene of everyone arriving for the fancy dinner. Luke here gives us enough details to sketch this out, but they are interspersed in the account. So, let’s bring them together into one picture. Jesus arrives at this ruling Pharisee’s swanky house. As the guests arrive, they might give a nod or a handshake to their friends, but each of them is more interested in positioning themselves to get the best seats. They are cutting in front of each other to get as close as possible to the head of the table. I don’t know how a Pharisee would save a seat – maybe he’d drink half of whatever was in the cup or lick the silverware. Who knows? But they are all claiming their spots and making sure their position is secure and no one else takes it from them. Then, their gaze turns towards Jesus.
When Jesus arrived, He wasn’t concerned with sitting in the high, prominent spots. So, we can assume that there was only one spot left at the table – the lowest. Jesus finds His place, and the eyes of all the Pharisees are on Him. If you were there and watching Jesus approach His seat, you wouldn’t notice the fine dining couch or the fancy china. The only thing that would catch your attention was this man.
Luke, the doctor, tells us that the man before Jesus has ‘dropsy.’ The term does appears in medical literature about 300 years before Jesus by a guy named Hippocrates (from whom, we get the Hippocratic oath). The word is actually two words mushed together – “water” and “appearance.” In other words, the guy was swollen, grossly bloated. It is not stretching the text at all to assume the Pharisees brought this man in so they could accuse Jesus of breaking the 3rd Commandment, “Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.”
Now, the Pharisees had lengthy discussions on what was and what wasn’t permitted on the Sabbath. They wrote all sorts of rules that defined what you could and couldn’t do on the day of rest. It went so far as to define where you could spit. Every other day of the week, you could spit wherever you wanted, but on the day of rest, you could only spit on rocks because spitting on soil might be watering a plant and considered work. Also in their discussions, they considered how much help you could give to a person who was sick or injured. For example, if someone had a cut you could apply a bandage to keep the wound from getting worse, but you couldn’t apply the bandage in a way that would help the person get better because that would be considered work.
These Pharisees are all closely watching as Jesus sees this man, ballooned up with disease. But Jesus turns the tables. Notice, they don’t ask Jesus a question, but He responds to the situation asking, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?” The Pharisees don’t say a word. Jesus heals the man. His swelling is gone. His features return to normal, and Jesus sends him away. Then, Jesus exposes the Pharisees’ hypocrisy. “Which of you, having a son or an ox that has fallen into a well on a Sabbath day, will not immediately pull him out?”After this question, the Pharisees aren’t just silent. They aren’t able to answer. With two pointed questions, Jesus humbles the Pharisees into deafening silence.
Then, our Lord throws the knock-out punch. They had been watching Jesus carefully as He approached the table, but He had been watching them too. They had been scrambling, shoving, jolting, and jockeying for the best places. It’s interesting: for all the discussion and debate the Pharisees had on what was and wasn’t considered work on the Sabbath, they didn’t debate about contending for prominent positions in their regulations. And Jesus echoes what we had in the first two verses of our Old Testament lesson (Pro. 25:6-14). Basically, if you put yourself forward as being important, you’re likely going to be humbled, and it’s going to be a public spectacle. Instead, be humble, and wait for your host to exalt you.
Now, of course, this is some solid, practical advice. Any motivational speaker could take what Jesus says here and teach a helpful lesson: Don’t strut around blowing smoke about how important you are. Instead, go about your business quietly, and your recognition will come in due time. But this isn’t a self-help seminar, and I’m not a motivational speaker.
Instead, notice what happened at this meal. Jesus, who was by far the most important person there, ended up in the lowest seat. And even though no one changed positions, Christ elevated His place back the peanut gallery to be the prominent place, and those who were at the head of the table end up in the bleachers.
Dear saints, as our Epistle lesson (Eph 4:1-6) said, “Walk in a manner worthy of your calling.” Humble. Gentle. Patient. Bearing with one another in love. Paul will say a similar thing in Php. 2:5-11, “Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus, who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.” But Jesus didn’t remain humbled and lowly in death. The text goes on, “Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.”
Dear saints, this humbled mind is yours. You, Christian, are saved by God’s grace. Live that out. You were sinful and low, but Christ has invited you, by the cleansing of His blood, to sit at His table. He has given you the seat of honor next to Him. Through His death and resurrection, you have been raised with Him. Your life is even now hidden with Christ in God. And the day is coming when Christ who is your life appears, you also will appear with Him in glory (Col. 3:1-4). Christ will call to you, “Friend, move up higher.” And you, and all believers, will be honored in the presence of all creation. Amen.
The peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds in Christ Jesus. Amen.
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